What a Generator Transfer Switch Does
A transfer switch changes the source of power for certain circuits from the utility to a generator and back again. While the generator is running, the switch disconnects those circuits from the utility supply.
That separation is the key safety feature. It prevents generator power from flowing back onto utility lines, and it keeps utility power and generator power from meeting inside your electrical system. Our article on why a home generator needs a transfer switch explains this in more detail.
A transfer switch also makes it easier to choose which circuits get backup power, such as a furnace, refrigerator, sump pump or a few lights.
Without transfer equipment, people often run extension cords through a window to power a few appliances. That can work for plug-in devices, but it cannot safely power built-in equipment such as a furnace or well pump.